涡流阀几何参数对固体发动机推力调节特性的影响

为了获得涡流阀参数对发动机推力调节性能的影响规律,针对涡流阀的加注方式以及几何结构,利用建立的基于涡流阀方案的固体火箭发动机推力可调实验系统开展了实验研究。通过实验结果的分析,得到了加注环孔径、涡流室高度和直径以及中心进气面积的不同对涡流阀调节性能的影响规律。结果表明:适当降低涡流室的高度、较大的中心进气面积、较大的涡流室直径有利于提高涡流阀的调节性能。因此,可以通过对涡流阀结构的优化设计来提高发动机的推力调节性能。     

科研管理网络化的实践与体会

结合航空学院自选课题《科研管理网络系统设计开发》的实践应用，对当前办公自动化和网络化技术在科技管理工作中的应用提出了一些实用性建议和思考，对一些工作中的实际性问题做了深入剖析，结合网络化办公的实际应用对今后的办公自动化和网络化发展方向做了展望。     

MESSENGER: Exploring Mercury’s Magnetosphere

The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission to Mercury offers our first opportunity to explore this planet’s miniature magnetosphere since the brief flybys of Mariner 10. Mercury’s magnetosphere is unique in many respects. The magnetosphere of Mercury is among the smallest in the solar system; its magnetic field typically stands off the solar wind only ∼1000 to 2000 km above the surface. For this reason there are no closed drift paths for energetic particles and, hence, no radiation belts. Magnetic reconnection at the dayside magnetopause may erode the subsolar magnetosphere, allowing solar wind ions to impact directly the regolith. Inductive currents in Mercury’s interior may act to modify the solar wind interaction by resisting changes due to solar wind pressure variations. Indeed, observations of these induction effects may be an important source of information on the state of Mercury’s interior. In addition, Mercury’s magnetosphere is the only one with its defining magnetic flux tubes rooted beneath the solid surface as opposed to an atmosphere with a conductive ionospheric layer. This lack of an ionosphere is probably the underlying reason for the brevity of the very intense, but short-lived, ∼1–2 min, substorm-like energetic particle events observed by Mariner 10 during its first traversal of Mercury’s magnetic tail. Because of Mercury’s proximity to the sun, 0.3–0.5 AU, this magnetosphere experiences the most extreme driving forces in the solar system. All of these factors are expected to produce complicated interactions involving the exchange and recycling of neutrals and ions among the solar wind, magnetosphere, and regolith. The electrodynamics of Mercury’s magnetosphere are expected to be equally complex, with strong forcing by the solar wind, magnetic reconnection, and pick-up of planetary ions all playing roles in the generation of field-aligned electric currents. However, these field-aligned currents do not close in an ionosphere, but in some other manner. In addition to the insights into magnetospheric physics offered by study of the solar wind–Mercury system, quantitative specification of the “external” magnetic field generated by magnetospheric currents is necessary for accurate determination of the strength and multi-polar decomposition of Mercury’s intrinsic magnetic field. MESSENGER’s highly capable instrumentation and broad orbital coverage will greatly advance our understanding of both the origin of Mercury’s magnetic field and the acceleration of charged particles in small magnetospheres. In this article, we review what is known about Mercury’s magnetosphere and describe the MESSENGER science team’s strategy for obtaining answers to the outstanding science questions surrounding the interaction of the solar wind with Mercury and its small, but dynamic, magnetosphere.     

MESSENGER Mission Overview

The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft, launched on August 3, 2004, is nearing the halfway point on its voyage to become the first probe to orbit the planet Mercury. The mission, spacecraft, and payload are designed to answer six fundamental questions regarding the innermost planet: (1) What planetary formational processes led to Mercury’s high ratio of metal to silicate? (2) What is the geological history of Mercury? (3) What are the nature and origin of Mercury’s magnetic field? (4) What are the structure and state of Mercury’s core? (5) What are the radar-reflective materials at Mercury’s poles? (6) What are the important volatile species and their sources and sinks near Mercury? The mission has focused to date on commissioning the spacecraft and science payload as well as planning for flyby and orbital operations. The second Venus flyby (June 2007) will complete final rehearsals for the Mercury flyby operations in January and October 2008 and September 2009. Those flybys will provide opportunities to image the hemisphere of the planet not seen by Mariner 10, obtain high-resolution spectral observations with which to map surface mineralogy and assay the exosphere, and carry out an exploration of the magnetic field and energetic particle distribution in the near-Mercury environment. The orbital phase, beginning on March 18, 2011, is a one-year-long, near-polar-orbital observational campaign that will address all mission goals. The orbital phase will complete global imaging, yield detailed surface compositional and topographic data over the northern hemisphere, determine the geometry of Mercury’s internal magnetic field and magnetosphere, ascertain the radius and physical state of Mercury’s outer core, assess the nature of Mercury’s polar deposits, and inventory exospheric neutrals and magnetospheric charged particle species over a range of dynamic conditions. Answering the questions that have guided the MESSENGER mission will expand our understanding of the formation and evolution of the terrestrial planets as a family.     

Missions to Mercury

Mercury is a very difficult planet to observe from the Earth, and space missions that target Mercury are essential for a comprehensive understanding of the planet. At the same time, it is also difficult to orbit because it is deep inside the Sun’s gravitational well. Only one mission has visited Mercury; that was Mariner 10 in the 1970s. This paper provides a brief history of Mariner 10 and the numerous imaginative but unsuccessful mission proposals since the 1970s for another Mercury mission. In the late 1990s, two missions—MESSENGER and BepiColombo—received the go-ahead; MESSENGER is on its way to its first encounter with Mercury in January 2008. The history, scientific objectives, mission designs, and payloads of both these missions are described in detail.     

论财务学的文化特性

财务具有技术与文化的双重学科属性.然而,在长期的理论研究和财务管理实践中,人们重视理财技术的开发、应用而轻视财务文化建设,由此导致财务人员职业道德素养低下及一系列财务丑闻的发生.文章基于财务文化建设的目的,对财务文化的存在基础、财务文化的内涵进行探讨,并指出了目前财务文化建设的重点.     

面向任务的装备维修保障资源配置研究

资源配置是装备维修保障的重要组成部分,为了在装备发生故障后,合理优化资源配置,快速修复故障设备、恢复军队战斗力,本文提出了一种面向任务的装备维修保障资源配置模型,并利用遗传算法进行求解。在算法设计过程中,采用更接近问题空间的实数编码形式,并且通过嵌入有限选择的随机替换模块,良好解决了在明确任务需求以及维修保障资源条件下的任务与资源配置问题,避免了资源的重复分配。本文通过具体实例分析证明了该方法的可行性、有效性和适用性,为该类决策支持系统的设计与开发提供了思路,对于未来信息化战场上的装备维修资源保障辅助决策提供了重要参考。     

褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响

为研究纤维褶皱对碳纤维复合材料层合板压缩性能的影响,参考ASTM D6641—2014完成了含纤维褶皱碳纤维层合板压缩性能试验;同时采用基于Hashin失效准则及性能逐渐退化的渐进损伤方法进行了有限元分析。结果表明：褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件压缩极限载荷相比完好试验件降低了58.48%;同等褶皱程度下凹陷试验件比凸起试验件抗压强度更低;褶皱程度为30%的凹陷试验件刚度相比完好试验件降低了35.80%;有限元分析结果与试验吻合良好,试验件的损伤最初为基体损伤,经过扩展导致试验件在褶皱处断裂。     

RFID技术在航空领域的应用研究

射频识别(RFID)技术现已广泛用于物流、金融、零售等各个行业.航空领域的RFID应用起步较晚,通过对RFID技术在飞机制造商、原始设备生产厂家(OEM)、航空公司的一些典型的应用案例的分析,提出RFID技术应用于航空领域所面临的挑战及必要性,为其未来航空业自动识别技术的发展指明了方向.     

光流场重建线性算法的实验模拟

由光流场重建三维运动和结构是计算机视觉研究中的热点和前沿，它分为线性算法和非线性算法。非线性算法的初始值选取非常重要，否则会导致算法失败。本文提出了一种由光流场重建三维结构线性算法的实验模拟新方法，该方法巧妙地利用合成数据和图像序列验证了重建的线性算法，该思路也适用于其它算法。